Limited Slip Differential (LSD)
A differential design that prevents all engine power from going to a slipping wheel, ensuring power goes to the wheel with grip.
A Limited Slip Differential (LSD) is an advanced differential mechanism that improves vehicle traction and handling. In a standard 'open' differential, power is always directed to the path of least resistance. If one wheel loses traction (such as on ice or wet grass), it will spin uselessly, while the wheel with grip receives no torque, leaving the vehicle stuck.
An LSD prevents this by using internal clutches, gears, or viscous fluids to limit the difference in speed between the two axle shafts. When the system detects one wheel spinning faster than the other, it mechanically locks or transfers a portion of the engine's torque to the wheel that has traction, allowing the vehicle to move.
LSDs are highly valued in performance cars, off-road vehicles, and trucks. They improve cornering stability by preventing the inner wheel from spinning under acceleration, and ensure reliable traction in snow, mud, and rain.
Servicing an LSD often requires a specific gear oil formulated with friction-modifier additives. If the incorrect fluid is used, the internal clutches can chatter, wear out prematurely, or fail to engage correctly.