Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)
A type of automatic transmission that can change seamlessly through an infinite number of effective gear ratios between maximum and minimum values.
A Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) is a modern automatic transmission type that uses a system of pulleys and a high-strength steel belt or chain instead of traditional fixed gears. By dynamically adjusting the width of the pulleys, a CVT can shift seamlessly through an infinite number of effective gear ratios. This allows the engine to run at its most efficient RPM for any driving condition, whether accelerating or cruising.
While CVTs offer excellent fuel economy and smooth power delivery, they are subject to unique wear mechanisms. The steel belt sliding along the pulley faces requires specialized CVT fluid to maintain friction and prevent slippage. Using standard automatic transmission fluid in a CVT will cause rapid internal wear and catastrophic failure. Over time, the pulleys or belt can wear down, leading to slipping, hesitation, or complete loss of drive.
Common symptoms of CVT trouble include a whining noise, delayed acceleration, shaking or shuddering during driving, and a burning smell. Diagnosis involves checking for diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) in the transmission control module and inspecting the fluid level and condition. A CVT that has suffered internal component failure typically requires a complete replacement, as few shops rebuild them.